Article explains Vitalik’s ETH plan to cut proving costs via binary state tree and RISC-V VM.
ETH tackles 80% proving bottleneck as Vitalik proposes binary state tree and long-term RISC-V VM swap. Summary EIP-7864 replaces the hexary keccak Merkle Patricia Tree with a unified binary state tree using BLAKE3 (or a future Poseidon2), cutting Merkle proof size by about 75% and branches by 3–4x. Page-based storage groups 64–256 adjacent slots so
